The visualization showcases a global flat map with monthly Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomaly data on the water, the locations of Global Disease Outbreaks of eleven infectious diseases on land, along with a timeline plot of the ENSO Index (Niño 3.4 Index region SST anomaly) for the period 2009-2018 on the bottom. According to this study, the 2015-2016 El Niño event brought weather conditions that triggered disease outbreaks in ENSO teleconnected regions throughout the world. Anyamba and colleagues conducted a scientific study - the first one to comprehensively assess the public health impacts of the major climate event on a global scale - that was published in the journal Nature Scientific Reports, with the title Global Disease Outbreaks Associated with the 2015-2016 El Niño event and is open access available. At the same time, the science team has been collecting, cataloguing and analyzing patterns of disease outbreaks worldwide.ĭr. Assaf Anyamba and colleagues have been studying interannual climate variability patterns associated with El Niño by monitoring various climate datasets, among them land surface temperature and vegetation data from the Advanced High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on board NOAA POES satelittes, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aboard NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites, and Sea Surface Temperature and precipitation anomaly datasets from NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Weather changes associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon result in rainfall, temperature and environmental anomaly conditions worldwide that directly favor outbreaks of infectious diseases of public health concern.ĭuring the last 20 years NASA scientist Dr. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon is an irregularly recurring climate pattern characterized by warmer (El Niño) and colder (La Niña) than usual ocean temperatures in the equatorial Pacific, which creates a ripple effect of anticipated weather changes in far-spread regions on Earth.
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